一、服务器规划

主机名 主机IP 磁盘 角色
node3 public-ip：172.18.112.20
cluster-ip: 172.18.112.20		 vdb ceph-deploy,monitor,mgr,osd
node4 public-ip：172.18.112.19
cluster-ip: 172.18.112.19		 vdb monitor,mgr,osd
node5 public-ip：172.18.112.18
cluster-ip: 172.18.112.18		 vdb monitor,mgr,osd

二、设置主机名

主机名设置，三台主机分别执行属于自己的命令
node3

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[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname nod3
[root@localhost ~]# hostname node3

node4

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[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node4
[root@localhost ~]# hostname node4

node5

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[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node5
[root@localhost ~]# hostname node5

执行完毕后要想看到效果，需要关闭当前命令行窗口，重新打开即可看到设置效果

三、设置hosts文件

在3台机器上都执行下面命令，添加映射

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echo "172.18.112.20 node3 " >> /etc/hosts
echo "172.18.112.19 node4 " >> /etc/hosts
echo "172.18.112.18 node5 " >> /etc/hosts

四、创建用户并设置免密登录

创建用户（三台机器上都运行）

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useradd -d /home/admin -m admin
echo "123456" | passwd admin --stdin 
#sudo权限
echo "admin ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/admin
sudo chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/admin

设置免密登录 （只在node3上执行）

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[root@node3 ~]# su - admin
[admin@node3 ~]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/admin/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:qfWhuboKeoHQOOMLOIB5tjK1RPjgw/Csl4r6A1FiJYA admin@admin.ops5.bbdops.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|+o..             |
|E.+              |
|*%               |
|X+X      .       |
|=@.+    S .      |
|X.*    o + .     |
|oBo.  . o .      |
|ooo.     .       |
|+o....oo.        |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[admin@node3 ~]$ ssh-copy-id admin@node3
[admin@node3 ~]$ ssh-copy-id admin@node4
[admin@node3 ~]$ ssh-copy-id admin@node5

注意: 没有ssh-copy-id 这个命令可以手动把公钥传到对应的机器上去

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cat ~/.ssh/id_*.pub | ssh  admin@host3 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'

五、配置时间同步

三台都执行

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[root@node3 ~]$ timedatectl #查看本地时间

[root@node3 ~]$ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai #改为亚洲上海时间

[root@node3 ~]$ yum install -y chrony #同步工具

[root@node3 ~]$ chronyc -n  sources -v #同步列表

[root@node3 ~]$ chronyc tracking  #同步服务状态

[root@node3 ~]$ timedatectl status #查看本地时间

六、安装ceph-deploy并安装ceph软件包

配置ceph清华源

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cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/ceph.repo<<'EOF'
[Ceph]
name=Ceph packages for $basearch
baseurl=https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/rpm-mimic/el7/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/keys/release.asc
priority=1
[Ceph-noarch]
name=Ceph noarch packages
baseurl=https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/rpm-mimic/el7/noarch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/keys/release.asc
priority=1
[ceph-source]
name=Ceph source packages
baseurl=https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/rpm-mimic/el7/SRPMS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/keys/release.asc
priority=1
EOF

安装ceph-deploy

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[admin@node3 ~]# sudo yum install ceph-deploy

初始化mon点

ceph需要epel源的包，所以安装的节点都需要yum install epel-release

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[admin@node3 ~]$ mkdir my-cluster
[admin@node3 ~]$ cd my-cluster
# new
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy new node3 node4 node5
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/bin/ceph-deploy", line 18, in <module>
    from ceph_deploy.cli import main
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ceph_deploy/cli.py", line 1, in <module>
    import pkg_resources
ImportError: No module named pkg_resources
#以上出现报错，是因为没有pip，安装pip
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ sudo yum install epel-release
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ sudo yum install python-pip
#重新初始化
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy new node3 node4 node5
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ls
ceph.conf  ceph-deploy-ceph.log  ceph.mon.keyring
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ cat ceph.conf 
[global]
fsid = 3a2a06c7-124f-4703-b798-88eb2950361e
mon_initial_members = node3, node4, node5
mon_host = 172.18.112.20,172.18.112.19,172.18.112.18
auth_cluster_required = cephx
auth_service_required = cephx
auth_client_required = cephx

修改ceph.conf，添加如下配置

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public network = 172.18.112.0/24
cluster network = 172.18.112.0/24
osd pool default size       = 3
osd pool default min size   = 2
osd pool default pg num     = 128
osd pool default pgp num    = 128
osd pool default crush rule = 0
osd crush chooseleaf type   = 1
max open files              = 131072
ms bind ipv6                = false
[mon]
mon clock drift allowed      = 10
mon clock drift warn backoff = 30
mon osd full ratio           = .95
mon osd nearfull ratio       = .85
mon osd down out interval    = 600
mon osd report timeout       = 300
mon allow pool delete      = true
[osd]
osd recovery max active      = 3    
osd max backfills            = 5
osd max scrubs               = 2
osd mkfs type = xfs
osd mkfs options xfs = -f -i size=1024
osd mount options xfs = rw,noatime,inode64,logbsize=256k,delaylog
filestore max sync interval  = 5
osd op threads               = 2

安装Ceph软件到指定节点

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[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy install --no-adjust-repos node3 node4 node5

–no-adjust-repos是直接使用本地源，不生成官方源.

部署初始的monitors，并获得keys

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[admin@nod3 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy mon create-initial

做完这一步，在当前目录下就会看到有如下的keyrings：

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[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ls
ceph.bootstrap-mds.keyring  ceph.bootstrap-osd.keyring  ceph.client.admin.keyring  ceph-deploy-ceph.log
ceph.bootstrap-mgr.keyring  ceph.bootstrap-rgw.keyring  ceph.conf                  ceph.mon.keyring

将配置文件和密钥复制到集群各节点

配置文件就是生成的ceph.conf，而密钥是ceph.client.admin.keyring，当使用ceph客户端连接至ceph集群时需要使用的密默认密钥，这里我们所有节点都要复制，命令如下。

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[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy admin node3 node4 node5

七、部署ceph-mgr

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#在L版本的`Ceph`中新增了`manager daemon`，如下命令部署一个`Manager`守护进程
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy mgr create node3

八、创建osd

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#用法：ceph-deploy osd create –data {device} {ceph-node}
ceph-deploy osd create --data /dev/vdb node3
ceph-deploy osd create --data /dev/vdb node4
ceph-deploy osd create --data /dev/vdb node5

检查osd状态 

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[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ sudo ceph health
HEALTH_OK

[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ sudo ceph -s 
  cluster:
    id:     3a2a06c7-124f-4703-b798-88eb2950361e
    health: HEALTH_OK
 
  services:
    mon: 3 daemons, quorum node5,node4,node3
    mgr: node3(active)
    osd: 3 osds: 3 up, 3 in
 
  data:
    pools:   0 pools, 0 pgs
    objects: 0  objects, 0 MiB
    usage:   3.2 GiB used, 597 GiB / 600 GiB avail
    pgs:

默认情况下ceph.client.admin.keyring文件的权限为600，属主和属组为root，如果在集群内节点使用cephadmin用户直接直接ceph命令，将会提示无法找到/etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring文件，因为权限不足。

如果使用sudo ceph不存在此问题，为方便直接使用ceph命令，可将权限设置为644。在集群节点上面node1 admin用户下执行下面命令。

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[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ceph -s
2021-12-28 07:59:36.062 7f52d08e0700 -1 auth: unable to find a keyring on /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring,/etc/ceph/ceph.keyring,/etc/ceph/keyring,/etc/ceph/keyring.bin,: (2) No such file or directory
2021-12-28 07:59:36.062 7f52d08e0700 -1 monclient: ERROR: missing keyring, cannot use cephx for authentication
[errno 2] error connecting to the cluster
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ sudo chmod 644 /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring 


[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ceph -s 
  cluster:
    id:     3a2a06c7-124f-4703-b798-88eb2950361e
    health: HEALTH_OK
 
  services:
    mon: 3 daemons, quorum node5,node4,node3
    mgr: node3(active)
    osd: 3 osds: 3 up, 3 in
 
  data:
    pools:   0 pools, 0 pgs
    objects: 0  objects, 0 MiB
    usage:   3.2 GiB used, 597 GiB / 600 GiB avail
    pgs:

查看osds

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[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ sudo ceph osd tree 
ID CLASS WEIGHT  TYPE NAME      STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF 
-1       0.58589 root default                           
-3       0.19530     host node3                         
 3   hdd 0.19530         osd.3      up  1.00000 1.00000 
-5       0.19530     host node4                         
 4   hdd 0.19530         osd.4      up  1.00000 1.00000 
-7       0.19530     host node5                         
 5   hdd 0.19530         osd.5      up  1.00000 1.00000

九、开启MGR监控模块

方式一：命令操作

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ceph mgr module enable dashboard

如果以上操作报错如下：

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Error ENOENT: all mgr daemons do not support module 'dashboard', pass --force to force enablement

则因为没有安装ceph-mgr-dashboard，在mgr的节点上安装。

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yum install ceph-mgr-dashboard

方式二：配置文件

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# 编辑ceph.conf文件
vi ceph.conf
[mon]
mgr initial modules = dashboard
#推送配置
[admin@node3 my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf config push node3 node4 node5 
#重启mgr
 sudo systemctl restart ceph-mgr@node3

web登录配置
默认情况下，仪表板的所有HTTP连接均使用SSL/TLS进行保护。

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#要快速启动并运行仪表板，可以使用以下内置命令生成并安装自签名证书:
[root@node3 my-cluster]# ceph dashboard create-self-signed-cert
Self-signed certificate created

#创建具有管理员角色的用户:
[root@node3 my-cluster]# ceph dashboard set-login-credentials admin admin
Username and password updated

#查看ceph-mgr服务:

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[root@node3 my-cluster]# ceph mgr services
{
    "dashboard": "https://node3:8443/"
}

以上配置完成后，浏览器输入 https://node3:8443 输入用户名admin，密码admin登录即可查看

要本地hosts解析

ceph